Death By Choice essays

Death By Choice essays McGuires' references to prior cases and documents is done logically and clinically. After careful reading, and re-reading, I failed to understand his position How can he perceive that by terminating a human life, this is acceptable moral behavior? Moral implies conformity to established codes or accepted notions of right and wrong. In other words, the basic moral values of society. Since when did society begin to accept that termination of life due to a dysfunction or deformity When did society decide that it is their "moral" obligation to determine when the "quality of death" supersedes the "quality of life"? Who are they to decide what the quality of life should be for that individual? Morality is a standard of right behavior, sanctioned by ones conscience and ethical judgment. How can any one person in society, using ethical judgment, decide when the life of a child is no longer of importance? McLaughlin refers to the killing ( word he used in his essay ), of person who no longer has the capacity to exist within the quality of life standards. Who set those standards? Society? When society decides who is fit to live and who is not, this is manifesting themselves as "God". This is morally unacceptable to me. We were not put upon this Earth to act as God. We were placed here to do his work, but that does not give us the free will to decide who lives and who dies. That is not our decision to make. I , for one, do not want to have to supply an answer as to why I felt that a disabled or dysfunctional person was not deemed acceptable to society. My question still remains as to who takes the responsibility of determining who deserves to live and die, based on "quality of life" W ...

Quotes by Comedian and Actress Mae West

Quotes by Comedian and Actress Mae West Mae West was best known as a comedian and actress whose bawdy plays and movies were full of double entendres and attracted the attention of industry censors. Less well known is her role as writer in many productions. Her film career- mainly at Paramount in the 1930s- seemed to stop in 1943, but she returned in the 1970s for cult classic Myra Breckinridge and Sextette. Selected Mae West Quotations I believe in censorship. I made a fortune out of it. If I asked for a cup of coffee, someone would search for the double meaning. I wrote the story myself. Its all about a girl who lost her reputation but never missed it. When Im good, Im very good. When Im bad, Im better. Too much of a good thing can be wonderful. Its hard to be funny when you have to be clean. Im a woman of very few words, but lots of action. I generally avoid temptation unless I cant resist it. It isnt what I do, but how I do it. It isnt what I say, but how I say it, and how I look when I do it and say it. Ill try anything once, twice if I like it, three times to make sure. When choosing between two evils, I always like to try the one Ive never tried before. Marriage is a great institution, but Im not ready for an institution yet. I used to be Snow White, but I drifted. Why dont you come on up and see me sometime- when Ive got nothin on but the radio. Why dont you come up sometime and see me? Im home every evening. Come up. Ill tell your fortune. Ah, you can be had. Lifes just a merry-go-round. Come on up. You might get a brass ring. Shes the kind of girl who climbed the ladder of success wrong by wrong. When women go wrong, men go right after them. There are no good girls gone wrong, just bad girls found out. Is that a banana in your pocket, or are you just happy to see me? It is better to be looked over than overlooked. Keep a diary, and someday itll keep you. To err is human, but it feels divine. Love conquers all things except poverty and toothache. Ive been rich and Ive been poor. Believe me, rich is better. Sex is emotion in motion. Virtue has its own reward, but no sale at the box office. Those who are easily shocked should be shocked more often. I like my clothes to be tight enough to show Im a woman, but loose enough to show Im a lady. Youre never too old to become younger. I like restraint, if it doesnt go too far. Im the lady who works at Paramount all day... and Fox all night. I never worry about diets. The only carrots that interest me are the number you get in a diamond. A dame that knows the ropes isnt likely to get tied up. Love thy neighbor- and if he happens to be tall, debonair, and devastating, it will be that much easier. Its all right for a perfect stranger to kiss your hand as long as hes perfect. Its not the men in my life that count, its the life in my men. Every man I meet wants to protect me. I cant figure out what from. A man in the house is worth two in the street. A girl in the convertible is worth five in the phone book. A hard man is good to find. Ten men waiting for me at the door? Send one of them home, Im tired. Give a man a free hand and hell run it all over you. A man can be short and dumpy and getting bald but if he has fire, women will like him. An ounce of performance is worth pounds of promises. Dont keep a man guessing too long- hes sure to find the answer somewhere else. Look your best- who said love is blind? Flattery will get you everywhere. Ive been things and seen places. Im no angel, but Ive spread my wings a bit. The score never interested me, only the game. Men are my hobby. If I ever got married Id have to give it up. So many men... so little time. I only like two kinds of men- domestic and imported. I only have yes men around me. Who needs no men? Save a boyfriend for a rainy day- and another, in case it doesnt rain. Some men are all right in their place- if they only knew the right places! I like a man whos good, but not too good... for the good die young, and I hate a dead one. I feel like a million tonight. But one at a time. Men are easy to get but hard to keep. Men? Sure, Ive known lots of them. But I never found one I liked well enough to marry. Besides, Ive always been busy with my work. Marriage is a career in itself and to make a success of it youve got to keep working at it. So until I can give the proper amount of time to marriage, Ill stay single. His mother should have thrown him out and kept the stork. Hes the kind of man a woman would have to marry to get rid of. Dont marry a man to reform him. Thats what reform schools are for. Opportunity knocks for every man, but you have to give a woman a ring. It takes two to get one in trouble. Too many girls follow the line of least resistance, but a good line is hard to resist. Good women are no fun. The only good woman I can recall in history was  Betsy Ross. And all she ever made was a flag. Good sex is like good Bridge. If you dont have a good partner, youd better have a good hand. Diamonds is my career. When it comes to finances, remember that there are no withholding taxes on the wages of sin. No gold-digging for me. I take diamonds! We may be off the gold standard someday. You can do what you want, but saving love doesnt bring any interest. Any time you got nothing to do and lots of time to do it, come on up. Anything worth doing is worth doing slowly. Kiss and make up- but too much makeup has ruined many a kiss. Brains are an asset to the woman in love whos smart enough to hide em. Some women pick men to marry- and others pick them to pieces. Say what you want about long dresses, but they cover a multitude of shins. Let men see whats coming to them, and women will get whats coming to them. Cultivate your curves- they may be dangerous but they wont be avoided. I didnt discover curves; I only uncovered them. The curve is more powerful than the sword. Ive been in more laps than a napkin. Id like to see Paris before I die. Philadelphia will do. I see youre a man with ideals. I better be going before youve still got them. Women with pasts interest men because men hope that history will repeat itself. Dont ever make the same mistake twice, unless it pays. Right now I think censorship is necessary; the things theyre doing and saying in films right now just shouldnt be allowed. Theres no dignity anymore and I think thats very important. The best way to behave is to misbehave. You only live once, but if you do it right, once is enough. Quote collection assembled by Jone Johnson Lewis. Each quotation page in this collection and the entire collection  © Jone Johnson Lewis. This is an informal collection assembled over many years. I regret that I am not be able to provide the original source if it is not listed with the quote.

Public Opinion & Responding to Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Public Opinion & Responding to Crisis - Essay Example These stakeholders can present diverse sources of ideas and opinions that can improve the quality of analysis and problem solving processes. 2. What is a command center and where should it be located? A command center is a place where emergency management team members convene to make decisions during times of crisis and to communicate with others. It is a place where people know who the responders are and what they have to do during times of crisis. It should be located at a room, where there is access to communication lines, such as a telephone or wireless internet. There should also be a secondary command center, in case the primary one is damaged. The secondary command center should be far away from the primary one, so that damage in one school area cannot affect the secondary command center too. 3. Detail information first responders should receive prior to any crisis. First responders should receive detain information about the resources of the school, resources of the community, contact information of different community and public agencies in all kinds of crises, contact information of students and parents, and information about the communication system during times of crises. They should know where all phones are located and what to do when primary communications are all down. First responders should know where command centers are and who its primary members are, as well as their contact numbers. a. Do you think the parents are being unreasonable? The parents are not being unreasonable, because they are thinking only of the welfare of their children. They are also paranoid already and lack trust in the public and school officials. They need something tangible to hold on to, even when their demands may border lack of justifications. They also need to establish communication lines that will help them make better decisions and to earn their trust. b. What is your personal

How unsustainable the American economy is Essay

How unsustainable the American economy is - Essay Example Unemployment is a major issue in America and the current rate of unemployment is over 9% in the country, when Barack Obama took over as the President of America it was about 7%. This also goes to show that the promises he made were not fulfilled, employment will be generated when the economy recovers but it is showing no signs of recovery and this is certainly bad news for America and all its citizens. This is also bad news for the whole world because the recent events have left European countries in complete disarray. The Euro zone crisis have escalated ever since recession started taking its toll, Greece and Spain stand on the verge of defaulting. â€Å"In my view what is happening in Greece is just the tip of an iceberg.   With private debt in many parts of the world, we socialize these private losses.   Now with large budget deficits in Europe, in Japan, in the United States.   The bond market vigilantes have woken up in Greece, in Portugal, in Spain. At some point they're going to wake up in the U.K., in Japan, in the United States.   We're running a 3.5 budget deficit.   It is obviously over time not sustainable.† (The US Economy is Unsustainable) The FED has certainly failed to do its job; recession was a classic example of the same. There is absolutely zero discipline. Excessive borrowing was encouraged by the FED and the same resulted in damage beyond repair and now also the same thing continues. Deflation still exists; interest rates are still really low. There is no market discipline which directly suggests that the economy is unsustainable. There are far too many fiscal problems in the US, a country like US does not even have the option of defaulting available at its disposal but if the same thing continues we might witness high inflation in the near future which will be really bad for America and all its citizens. Riots may even occur when the unemployment rate in the country goes further up but this is highly unlikely because the unemployed have something called a safety net with the help of which they receive some compensation. Things are looking really bad for the economy of the US and all its citizens, it is not doom and gloom yet but something concrete needs to be done about it and it needs to be done sooner rather than later. â€Å"The recent deep recession and the subsequent slow recovery have created severe budgetary pressures not only for many households and businesses, but for governments as well. Indeed, in the United States, governments at all levels are grappling not only with the near-term effects of economic weakness, but also with the longer-run pressures that will be generated by the need to provide health care and retirement security to an aging population. There is no way around it–meeting these challenges will require policymakers and the public to make some very difficult decisions and to accept some sacrifices.† (FED Chief Ben Bernanke Calls US Economy Unsustainable) Ben Be rnanke the Chief of the Federal Reserve has little faith in the economy of the US and the same speaks volumes about the mismanagement of the Federal Reserve. There are a lot of unidentified liabilities which add to the already mounting debt, liabilities like social

Domino’s Sizzle with Pizza Tracker Essay Example for Free

Domino’s Sizzle with Pizza Tracker Essay Abstract The purpose of this case study is to exam how Domino’s pizza uses Information Systems to regain their share of the Home Delivery pizza market. I’ll discuss how Domino’s overcome a bad reputation and improved their product and services. I will also discuss the changes and process systems implemented along with where they currently stand in the market and with their customers. I will finish with the technology Domino’s plans to use in the future. Domino’s Pizza Sizzles with Pizza Tracker This case study discusses the impact that information systems and global e-business has had on Domino’s Pizzas’ reemergence as an industry leader in the home-delivery pizza market. It looks into what kind of systems are used, how the systems improve business performance, how their online pizza ordering system has improved the ordering process and how the systems are giving Domino’s a competitive edge. Domino’s opened in 1960 and grew to 200 stores in 1978 and currently operates almost 9000 stores worldwide and has the largest share of the approximate $15 Billion/year pizza market. They compete with Pizza Hut, Papa John’s and Little Caesar’s along with local pizza shops. Despite being one of the most well-known brands in the United States, between 2006 and 2008 Domino’s Pizza was in crisis. After leaving Pepsi, Chief Marketing Office Russell Weiner joined Domino’s and inherited a brand with plummeting sales and a bad image due to their lackluster product. A month after he joined the company, sales hit a record low of $2.83 a share in November 2008 and today, it’s up around $72 a share. (Jeff Beer, 2014). Trying to overcome the reputation of having the worst pizza, in 2009, Domino’s CEO  acknowledged in a commercial that Domino’s pizza doesn’t taste good. He apologized for its poor ingredients and promised to improve t he recipe. After that statement was made, store sales grew 14.3% the following quarter. (Forbes Magazine, 2013). Domino’s had $1.5 Billion in sales and earned $80 million in profit that year. Domino’s made their customers a promise to provide better ingredients which they did, but the most important ingredient has been the technology and investment in digital and mobile where they’ve made it faster and easier for customers to place and track orders. In 2003, Domino’s implemented a Transaction Processing System (TPS) called â€Å"Pulse† as a point-of-sale system. Pulse helps Domino’s maintain consistent and efficient management functions in each of their stores. The Data from purchases and payments from orders are captured by this computerized system and recorded. Pulse captures the information from the customer’s order such as type of crust, toppings, side dishes and delivery locations. Once the data is collected, pulse will calculate the number of pizzas and side orders sold, cost of ingredients along with delivery and customer information. The stores in which Pulse was installed reported improved customer services, reduced mistakes and shorter training times. Domino’s most recently updated to â€Å"Pulse Evolution† which is faster, less expensive and easier to maintain. From an operational standpoint, you can use Information Systems to gain a cost advantage over competitors or to differentiate yourself by offering better customer service. (Bert Markgraf, 2015). Since January 2010, shares of Domino’s have significantly surpassed the competition rising 750% while Papa John’s grew 193% and Pizza Hut grew 93%. The Story was the same in 2013 with Domino’s shares increasing 51% while Papa John’s shares increased 30% and Pizza Hut shares were flat for the year. (Forbes, 2013). The latest innovation from  Domino’s (Pizza Tracker) allows a customer to watch a simulated version of their pizza being made all the way through to the finished product. This is another way that Domino’s has used Information Systems and E-Business to reach their customers. The Journal of General Management several success factors for e-commerce. Support self-service in which a web user should be enabled to complete transactions with ease. Nurture customer relationships where up front efforts should focus on increasing customer loyalty, not necessarily maximizing sales. Target a market of one where each customer should be treated as an individual market. Build communities of interest. A company should make its web site a destination that customers look forward to visiting, not simply a resource people use because they have to conduct a transaction. Online ordering has become the cornerstone of Domino’s business with IPad apps such as pizza tracker, pizza hero, customer pizza profiles and the newest featuring a 3-D pizza builder. Domino’s research shows customers by pizza 21 times each year; it gets six or seven of those orders and a similar amount might go to Pizza Hut which showed them that loyalty was not strong. (Forbes, 2013). Along with Pizza Tracker, Domino’s Pizza Profiles have helped retain customers and generate more loyalty from customers. Pizza Profiles allow customers who order online to save their information and reorder their favorite order in as little as five clicks, or about 30 seconds. The company now has mobile apps to cover about 95% of smartphones  and says it generates $2 billion in global digital sales per year of which 35% is driven by mobile. (Forbes, 2013). Domino’s locations are opening faster than Starbucks, Dunkin Donuts, Pizza Hut and McDonalds since 2008 and have used Business Systems to its fullest to rise to the top. The biggest single department at Domino’s headquarters is now IT and they’re starting to also be known as a Tech company. (Jeff Beer, 2014) Coming soon is the â€Å"DomiCopter† which is a remote controlled  drone that delivers their product. Domino’s has run several tests and may soon introduce the delivery service to the market. REFERENCES 1. Touryalai, H. â€Å"Technology, not pizza, helps Domino’s crush competitors and grow faster than McDonald’s overseas.† Forbes 15 Oct 2013; web 2. Beer, J (2014, May 22). â€Å"How Domino’s became a tech company.† Retrieved from http://www.fastcocreate.com/3030869/behind-the-brand/how-dominos-became-a-tech-company. 3. Markgraf, B (2015, January 14). â€Å"Importance of information systems in an organization.† Retrieved from http://www.smallbusiness.chron.com 4. Barnatt, C. â€Å"Embracing E-Business.† Journal of General Management, 2004; 89 – 97.

The Health Risks of Smoking Cigarettes Essay -- Smoking Health Lung C

The Health Risks of Smoking According to Global Smoking Statistics, 80,000 and 100,000 youths start smoking everyday. Smoking is everywhere, in shops, restaurants and malls. Smoking can be controlled if the right steps are taken. If you walked around downtown Fort Collins, the odds are good that you will encounter a smoker. The negative effects of smoking outweigh the positive effects of smoking yet people still do it. There are ways to quit that can make your life better if you smoke. Smoking goes back to 1492 when Christopher Columbus first stepped onto the plains of the new world. Native Americans chewed and inhaled a specific type of leaf, using a â€Å"toboca† pipe to inhale the foreign leaf. It soon became a treasure for the Europeans, after Christopher discovered this new creation. Cigarettes did not become popular until the 1880s, nor were they available. People just used pipes and cigars. When, according to Smoking, James B. Duke developed a way to mass produce cigarettes, making them cheaper and milder. This created an increase in popularity and between 1870 and 1890 the usage increased 100 times what is was before. The health risks of smoking are that it causes Lung cancer and in 1992 there were 161,000 new cases of lung cancer and 143,000 deaths according to Tobacco and Smoking, 1998. The duration and amount smoked determines the risk of getting lung cancer. Men or women who smoke forty cigarettes a day, compared to those who smoke twenty a day, have twice the risk as getting lung cancer. Those who start smoking before 15 are four times more likely to get lung cancer than those who begin after twenty-five. It also causes Cardiovascular Disease. Smokers, male and female, are at a higher risk to get recurrent heart attacks, sudden death from coronary heart disease and myocardial infection than nonsmokers. The increase is two to four times the amount than nonsmokers. Cigarettes cause an addiction. Nicotine is a highly addictive drug. It is the nicotine that is in tobacco that makes cigarettes so addicting. A 1991 editorial in the Lancet, from the book Tobacco and Smoking on page 33 says: The core of the problem lies in the addictiveness of nicotine. It is nicotine that people cannot easily do without, not tobacco; it is nicotine dependence that slows the progress of existing programmes. As a drug deliver system the modern cigarette is a highly e... ...all the ingredients as mainstream smoke and is just as deadly. Smoking is everywhere and will continue to be all around us. We can ignore it or take action. One less person smoking means that there is that much less smoke in the air. With all the new smokers, a plan has to be set in place, either creating more ads or finding accurate facts. Unless smoking dissolves from the face of the earth, there will still be people â€Å"killing themselves.† Since smoking causes lung cancer, bad after effects and other problems, the need for elimination is even higher. If you smoke than you probably know it is hard to quit, but with the right resources and the motivation to quit, the United States will be a more â€Å"breathable† place to live. Citations Anonymous. More about second hand smoke. 2004. 11/02/04. . Anonymous. Secondhand Smoke. 2004. 11/02/04. . Anonymous. Tobacco and Smoking. Ed. Bruno Leone. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, Inc. , 1998. Grannis, MD, Frederic W.. The Lung Cancer and Cigarette Smoking Web Page. 2004. 10/28/04. . Martin, Terry. Global Smoking Statistics. About.com. 2002. 11/01/04. . Torr, James D. Smoking. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, Inc. , 2001.

Curleys Wife in Chapter 4 of Of Mice and Men

1. What does Curley’s wife mean when she says, ‘They left all the weak ones here’? 2. State the three things that you think are most significant about Curley’s wife’s character, situation or behaviour in this chapter. 3. Find and copy down the quotations which show how Crooks reacts to the threats of Curley’s wife. What exactly is she threatening, and why does Crooks react in the way he does? 4. What is Candy referring to when he says that Curley’s wife ‘can move quiet’? 5. (Links to question 2) How does Curley’s wife come across to you in this extract? Compare how she has been portrayed before to how she is now. 6. How do you think Lennie feels about Curley’s wife now? Extension: There are some descriptions in this extract which suggest disturbance. These create a mood for the final events in the novel. Find these, and comment on them. Answers: 1. When Curleys wife says they left all the weak ones here I think she is referring to the reality that because of their circumstances; candy, crooks & Lennie were not capable of visiting the whore house like the other men. Curelys wife is suggesting that they are weaker because of their incapacity to take part in some of the activities other men can. 2. In this chapter I think that Curleys wife comes across as unkind cruel and nasty. She gives off the impressions that she likes feeling higher than others and she seems as though she can be quite dishonest with a inclination to lie. 3. â€Å"Crooks stared hopelessy at her and then sat down on his bunkk and drew into himself† i wrote in my opinion candy says curleys wife can ,move quite because he is making reference to and notifying the fact that curley;s wife is quite sly in what she does as she causes problems and looks for trouble without being seen or heard from others especially curley

The article also explains the porns and corns

This article explains the importance of the alternate energy. The traditional energy which we are using is not going to be adequate for our future needs and that too it reached its peak. Apart from its inadequate supply it is also producing enormous amount of pollution which is questioning the very existence of some living organisms. To over come these problems switching over to the alternate energy usage is a viable option left to us. Even though it is also having its own negative points but it is the best option available now.The article also explains the porns and corns of all the alternate energy sources and the future of alternate energy. It also justified the option with some data and how some organizations are planning to set up alternate resource setups. It enlisted the key elements of a renewable-intensive energy future and also the policy initiative that can be taken to encourage alternate energy proposal. Introduction: The present world trend is shifting towards the better future of human beings with the available options.There is a big leap towards the alternate energy sources from the traditional sources. We can see many numbers of reasons for that transition. Sustainable development is the main agenda of many conventions now. To comply with these commitments, nations have to put efforts to reduce greenhouse gases and reduce pollutants. By using the fossil fuels it is not possible now. The alternate way to cope up with the present day need and the clean future climate is ‘alternate energy’. Primarily there are some important problems with the exiting fuel resources.1. The oil extraction came to saturation level. 2. The fossil fuels are getting exhausted in near future. 3. The present day usage of these fuels is showing alarming signs to the future generations. 4. There is lot of pollution due to these which is resulting in global warming. To resolve some the problems the alternate method is using of ‘alternate energy’. The alternate energy sources available to us are: a. Wind energy b. Solar energy c. Thermal energy d. Hydroelectric energy.Even though these are recognized as the alternate energy sources and can wipe out the existing problems they too contain their own advantages and disadvantages. Wind energy: This is having enormous potential and doesn’t effect the pollution at all. But it depends upon the wind always and we have to take care of them in the large cyclones. Hydroelectric energy: This depends on the water currents and pollution arising from it will be very less. But construction of dams will be expensive and there needs to be enough flow of water. Geo thermal energyGeo thermal energy is produced by harnessing the heat available in the earth crust. Some time hazardous minerals are extracted due to improper drilling and even chance of pollutants coming out is there. Once it is built it is self-sufficient. Solar energy The last one is the solar energy and there is large debate goi ng on how to harness the solar energy? Solar energy is generally used for cooking; the production of electricity, heating etc. solar energy is produced by trapping the sunlight into solar cells. This sunlight is again converted into electricity and it is stored in appropriate form.This also helps in heating water, heating room and even air. Advantages: It is the best form of renewable source. As the sun is permanent this source of energy is also permanent. There will be no pollution because there is no combustion of fuels. It can be used effectively for the purpose of heating and lighting. This is used more in heating pools, water tanks and saps. Disadvantages Solar energy is produced when sunlight is available and so there is no chance of production in the nighttime and even in cloudy days.The building up of solar power stations is very expensive. The Americans can face a biggest challenge of the decades if fuel pump is stopped. The rise in the prices of energy resources has affect ed all the sectors from a farmer to an office worker, economically. A group of agricultural leaders about 2years ago joined forces in a discussion for addressing this challenge. It was discussed that some of them had anticipated it as a future big issue. Some say that no one can imagine at that time of hurricanes disruptions of supply dramatic swings in the prices, etc.That Ag Energy Work Group after spending about six months in searching questions like the role that can be played by the farm sector, their amount of contribution, how to make the ag and forest sectors into leading energy producing sectors, and how to establish an energy alliance; felt that the time for the ag community has come to get together. The Ag group was convinced finally after extensive dialogues that a key role could be played by the agriculture in helping the nation to move towards energy independence.They looked potential of energy from variety of the sources such as solar, wind, methane, biodiesel, etc. t hey were also convinced that farms, ranches, and forests of the America could be used for the fuels of new generation with a clean and green environment. Ethanol will be one of the best answers to the Americans oil addiction. Emergence of new technologies could make the dream come true. Greater steps have been taken in the manufacturing facilities of ethanol in the past decade that can help in substantial improvement in the efficiency of the fuel source.Similarly the corn hybrids produced by the Seed companies, soy diesel, wind turbines, and methane digesters etc. are also developed and progressed. . Momentum of the 25x'25 Work Group has expanded dramatically from its beginning both in its size and scopes and now it is approved by many states governors and state legislatures like Indiana, Pennsylvania, Montana, Colorado etc. Electric utilities: The Electrical utilities helps in converting one form of energy into another. This energy is full of attraction of its cleanliness and versa tile ness, and also it can be moved over large areas almost instantly.There is an increase in the demand for the electrical energy. In the electric power industry, are about 200 investor owned utilities constituting the major contributors generating about 78% of power that will be supplied to about 76% of customers. It is highly capital intensive, in the United States it is the largest consumer of primary energy consuming more than one-third of the total energy demand at the national level but supplying only one-tenth of it. Now there are solar-powered refrigerators also which works on 12-volt DC battery.In the 1970s, industrial growth period was ended due to the energy crisis, which led to the rising of the fuel prices subjecting to all the fossil fuels and the slowing down of the Economic growth. As a consequence operating and maintenance costs were also went high, that would include the supplies and materials, labor costs as well as the administrative expenditures. Therefore cost s per kilowatt-hour rose higher, and the increasing price of electricity led to a decline in the sales growth. Further with the increase in the nuclear power and coal power plants the industries’ financial condition was at a set back.To add to the worries, escalation of the interest rates due to acceleration of inflation has occurred. In that decade, it was felt by most of the people that coal and nuclear power plants can be damaging the environment, and argument for the development of new means that can be aiding in the protection of the environment. New environmental and safety regulations were also implemented by the federal government increasing the utility costs to a further extent, also requiring utilities for the purchasing of alternative energy sources like that of the solar energy.In the late 1970’s the strategy of the grow and build for the electric power industry was not plausible as adoption many different strategies has been taken up by the industry, diffe rent sections following different tracks based on differing views about the future. Percepting that the economic growth would recover and the renewable energy sources would not be able to meet the needs of the increasing demand, many utilities such as Commonwealth Edison, Carolina Power and Light, Long Island Lighting, etc were followed with the modification of the grow and build strategy.Whereas some other utilities like Duke Power, Potomac Electric Power, Consolidated Edison, which were located in declining demands of energy countries, preferred the capital minimization. Whereas utilities such as Southern California Edison and Pacific Gas and Electric that were present in the areas with rapid increase in the demand for the for the energy, were left with no choice except depending on their internal R&D potentials for the exploration of the alternative energy sources; as the construction of the nuclear and coal plants was depressed by the set of laws.The diversification of the utili ties helps them in the freedom in getting profits. Harnessing of the solar energy: The origin of primary energy sources, with the exception of nuclear energy, can be attributed to the ultimate source, the sun. From the initial stages of man on the earth, he has started to use his natural surroundings after a thorough analyzing of it and he is progressing the utilization along with the developmental progress. It was observed in the year 1839, by French physicist Alexander Edmond Becquerel that certain materials could produce electricity when light falls on them, which was termed as â€Å"photovoltaic effect†.After the discovery of this effect, so many substances were studied until the final development of the Solar cell. In solar photovoltaic system, solar energy is converted directly into electricity by means of silicon wafer photoelectric cells known as ‘solar cells’. Solar cells have also been made from polycrystalline silicon wafers as also amorphous silicon f ilms. The advantages of photovoltaic technology such as the ease of operation, reliability, minimum maintenance due to lack of moving parts, have been widely recognized.Thus PV systems are suitable for installation in rural areas and isolated locations for a variety of applications such as water pumping for micro irrigation and drinking water supply, community and street lighting, power supplies for microwave repeater station, communications equipment, radio and T. V. receivers. Impact: Passing of the National Aeronautics and Space Act in July 1958 by the U. S. Congress has given a boost to the astronomy. Which will need a key source of power that can last for a longer duration; resulting in the launching of the first photovoltaic-powered satellite of the world i.e. Vanguard 1, solar cell technology got a breakthrough as the success has paved way for larger contracts from NASA as well as expansion of the photovoltaic industry. Finally, hundreds of thousands of solar cells were produ ced each year by about four U. S. companies in the end of 1960s, most assigned for the developing satellite industry. Increase in cell efficiency as well as reductions in cost are the great Achievements in solar cell development during the development of the space programs, but much was desired fro the applications on the earth.Due to the rise of the oil prices in the mid-1970s led to Federal Photovoltaic Utilization Program by the funding of U. S. Department of Energy that resulted in the testing of many solar power systems. One of the world's first photovoltaic residences that were named as Solar One was built by the University of Delaware in the year 1973. Apart from the photovoltaic technology there was also advancement in the investigations of other solar energy alternatives such as transferring of the solar heat into fluid, which can be used for warming of the buildings, heating the water, and even generation of electricity?Key elements of a renewable-intensive energy future: 1. There would be diversity of energy sources. Electricity is produced with many combinations. 2. Biomass would be widely used. 3. With the new electrical storage technologies the intermittent renewable would provide one-third of total electricity. 4. This will introduce new choices and competition in energy markets. 5. Natural gas would play a major role which have low capital costs and can quickly adjust their electrical outputs. Policy initiatives: 1. Subsidies should be removed or else they should equalize with the renewable sources.2. Taxes should ensure that consumer decisions are based on the full cost of energy. 3. Creation of national institutions to implement renewable energy programs. 4. International funds for energy sector should be diverted to renewable mechanisms. Good policy initiative will encourage the transition more quickly which is certain. Future of energy with alternate energy: The traditional sources almost entered the point of saturation. There are predictio ns saying that oil will get exhausted with in another 50-100 years. So the viable option left is the alternate energy.The initial investment will be more but returns will be for prolonged period. Most of the alternate energy sources are from nature itself and there won’t be unnecessary interference of other countries. It is very difficult to comply up with the terms and conditions of the oil producing countries. While using the alternate energy sources we can protect our sovereignty of the nations and can minimize wars for oil and also the oil politics of the world can get marginalized. Initially the solar-electric modules were costly. The technological advancement made these cost effective.The average captured energy with photovoltaic was 95 US cents per kilowatt-hour but now it came down to 20 cents per kilowatt-hour. It is still more than the average national price of electricity which is 8 cents. ‘Thin film’ photovoltaic technology, a high-tech coating which is having ability to convert the solar energy is one of the recent technological development. Now these solar unit power is used every where right from the small houses to the large office buildings. Residential usage of energy will increase by 25% by 2025, so we should be in a position to have an alternate which is permanent and cost effective.As the size of the alternate energy equipment is less than the conventional set up. This helps each and every individual have his own setup. The alternate energy utilization is the need of hour and we cannot put this out. In every transition there will be pain but this will results in large number of benefits in the future. References: 1. Sara Wyant, 25x'25: building a renewable energy future. Resource: Engineering & Technology for a Sustainable World 13. 5 (June-July 2006): p4(1). 2. Marcus, Alfred A. â€Å"Electric utilities. † Environmental Encyclopedia. Ed. Marci Bortman and Peter Brimblecombe.3rd ed. Detroit: Gale, 2003. Science R esource Center. Thomson Gale. 08 January 2008, Retrieved on 15 Jan, 2008 from 3. Harnessing Solar Power and Earth's Renewable Energy Sources. † Science and Its Times. Ed. Neil Schlager and Josh Lauer. Vol. 7. Detroit: Gale Group, 2001. Science Resource Center. Thomson Gale. 08 January 2008, Retrieved on 15 Jan, 2008 from http://galenet. galegroup. com. ezproxy. umuc. edu/servlet/SciRC? ste=1&docNum=CV2643450807> 4. Is Ethanol/ E85 Fuel the Solution?July 26, 2006, Retrieved on 15 Jan,2008 from 5. Renewable energy: sources for fuels and electricity, Thomas B. Johanson, Laurie, Island Press, 1993. 6. 5. The future of Alternative Energy, Cameron Walker, National Geographic News, October 28,2004. Retrieved on 15 Jan,2008 from http://news. nationalgeographic. com/news/2004/10/1028_041028_alternative_energy. html. 7. Jeffrey Yago, (1998), Solar-powered refrigerators, Backwoods Home Magazine, Retrieved on 15 Jan,2008 from http://www. backwoodshome. com/articles2/yago102. html

buy custom Bill of Rights and Amendments essay

buy custom Bill of Rights and Amendments essay Based on the memory of the British violation of civil rights that was fresh in their minds, the opponents charged that the constitution would allow the central government to be tyrannical. These opponents were pressing for a bill of rights that was able to spell out the individual citizens immunities. In the year 1789, the United States first Congress proposed to the legislatures of states the twelve amendments that met the arguments frequently advanced against the constitution. The first two amendments were not ratified. The articles 3 to 12 were however ratified by the state legislatures and they constitute ten amendments of the constitution referred to as the Bill of Rights. The Bill of Rights was an addition to constitution made ratification a reality (Burgan, 2002). This paper delves why and how the amendments became part of the American constitution, issues of the original document that led to the adoption of the Bill of Rights. It also includes the changes in society that led to later amendments as well as the effects of these later amendments. How and why amendments become part of the constitution The authority of making amendments to the United States constitution is derived from article V of the constitution. In the United States, there are two ways of making the amendments part of the constitution. First, amendments are proposed the Congress, which comprises of the senate and the House of Representatives. It is a requirement that two thirds of the houses approve the amendments, otherwise, they end at this point. Upon approval of the amendments, they are forwarded to the states legislatures, which approve them, based on their own rules. An amendment becomes a law when approved by three fourths of the states. Secondly, two-thirds of the 50 states legislatures may cal for the constitutional convention with the aim of proposing amendments to the United States constitution. The main reason why amendments are made to be part of the constitution is to adjust to the ever-changing society (Palumbo, 2009). Problems with the original document motivated the adoption of the Bill of Rights The supports of the new United States constitution feared the national government might abuse their powers. The government should not abuse a number of people that some basic rights might. Then, the Bill of Rights supporters decided that these rights should be identified in a new written document. The American people inherited a tradition of expressing firm limits on the government power developing out of the English struggles against the monarchs. Before the year 1971, the tradition was voiced in the laws and the constitutions of many states (Baldwin, 1990). The effects of the Bill of Rights The powers of the government are limited by the first eight amendments through specification of appropriate liberties and rights. The 10th amendment underlines the fact the government exercises the powers that are granted to it by the constitution. The Bill of Rights has provisions that limit the state and local governments. For instance, the government can never violate the Bill of Rights unless the whole constitution is amended ((Baldwin, 1990). Problems with the original document, or changes in society, that led to later amendments People claimed that the original document threatened peoples liberties and it only specified the government did to the people. However, people believed that the new constitution would protect their liberties through power divisions. The citizens were given some rights that could not be taken away by the government but they were not defined in the original document. The Americans never wanted the government to have excess power and they were compelled to create the later amendments which gave them unalienable rights that the government cannot use against them (Bachrach, 1954). Thirteenth through Fifteenth Amendments The thirteenth amendment was abolition of slavery. It says, Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, nor any place subject to their jurisdiction. The fourteenth amendment is about civil rights. It was made to give citizenship to and protect the liberties of the freed slaves. It achieved this through prohibition of states from denying the privileges of citizens, depriving any person of his life, property, or liberty without due process of law. The fifteenth amendment is about black suffrage. It gave the African American people the right to vote (Historic Documents). Effects of these later Amendments Through the later amendments, the rights of individuals have been protected by limiting the powers of the national government. In addition, the amendments have enhanced various changes in the institutional procedures and structures that were originally created by the constitution (Hinsdale, 1917). Conclusion Without the collective devotion of all Americans, the Bill of Rights is a hollow shell. For the Bill of Rights to be more effective, it needs the labor of both men and women doing the governments work. Finally, the Bill of Rights will be more meaningful if all Americans share a common belief that getting the liberties that are guaranteed by it deserves their support and is worth their toil. Buy custom Bill of Rights and Amendments essay

How to Become a Teacher Expert Career Guide

How to Become a Teacher Expert Career Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips What's more exciting than educating a new generation of students? If you're interested in becoming a teacher and want some information about how to succeed in this profession, you're in the right place. Here, I'll walk you through how to become a teacher, explaining the steps you need to take in high school, college, and beyond. First, though, I'll touch briefly on the occupational outlook for teachers in the US- this way, you'll be informed about projected job availability and income levels before jumping in. For the sake of this article, I'm going to focus on K-12 teachers (you can, of course, teach at the college/university level, but that involves a pretty different career path). The steps you'd take to succeed in teaching vary slightly based on which academic grades you're interested in working with. From here on out, I'll be differentiating between elementary, middle, and high school teachers where there might be different steps necessary for success. Occupational Outlook for Teachers Before you jump into any career path, it's important to think ahead about more practical things, like expected income and job availability. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics lists important info on pay, necessary education, and job outlook for almost any profession you can think of. High pay and an increase in available positions generally bodes well for people hoping to enter a certain field. Here are these all-important stats for K-12 teachers in the US: Kindergarten and Elementary School Teachers 2014 Median Pay: $53,760 Typical Entry-Level Education (the bare minimum you'd need to enter the field): Bachelor's degree Job Outlook, 2014-2024 (the estimated job growth rate- bigger is better): 6%, which is about average Middle School Teachers 2014 Median Pay: $54,940 Typical Entry-Level Education: Bachelor's degree Job Outlook, 2014-2024: 6%, which is about average High School Teachers 2014 Median Pay: $56,310 Typical Entry-Level Education: Bachelor's degree Job Outlook, 2014-2024: 6%, which is about average How to Become a Teacher: Career Steps Overview To become a teacher, there are a few important things you'll need (I'll go into more detail on these steps and more in the following sections): A high school diploma A bachelor's degree A graduate degree (depending on your preferred career track and the teaching requirements in your area- it's often not required) Your teaching certification/license (requirements will vary based on the state) If you plan ahead, it's possible to start your teaching career very soon after graduating from college. Now that you have a sense of what you'll need to become a teacher, I'll go into the details of what you should do at each stage of the game- starting with high school. Setting Yourself Up for Success: 4 Steps to Take in High School You don't have to make a final decision about a teaching career in high school, but there are some important things you can do to put yourself on the right path. Decide If Teaching Is the Right Fit High school is a good time to start thinking about whether you'd be comfortable with the day-to-day realities and responsibilities of teaching. At all grade levels, teaching involves these important core responsibilities: Preparing lessons Grading assignments and tests Getting kids to behave and participate in class Filling out report cards and assessments Meeting with parents On a personal level, good teachers tend to be: Good at communicating- The crux of your job as an instructor is getting the class to understand new, sometimes challenging, material. Patient- You'll have to deal with students who have trouble learning, behaving, or both. Compassionate- Students (of all ages) aren't always easy to deal with. It will be important for you to be sensitive to challenges they may be dealing with. Creative- You may have to come up with some unorthodox ways of keeping students engaged and learning. Hard-working- Your work as a teacher won't end with the bell. You'll have to come up with lesson plans and tasks, meet with students, parents, and administrators, and grade a ton of assignments. So how do you figure out whether you'd be okay with the responsibilities of working as a teacher? And how do you know whether you have the core characteristics that make a successful instructor? Here are some steps you can take to determine whether teaching may be a good fit: Interviews- Talk with your own instructors about their experiences. Why did they become a teacher? What do they like about their job? What don't they like so much? Shadowing and Observation- Start actively paying attention not only to what your instructors teach, but how they teach it. Are there any teaching methods that you really like? What about methods that aren't as effective? You might also look into opportunities to shadow instructors, especially those teaching in younger classrooms. Tutoring- This is a bit different than teaching a classroom full of students, but teachers still work with students one-on-one. There might be peer-tutoring services offered through your school, or you might look for a job through some other tutoring service. You can start getting teaching experience even in high school. Focus on Your High School Education A strong education in high school will serve as the foundation for your education as a teacher. Elementary school teachers in particular need to be well-rounded as they are responsible for covering all subjects with their students. A high GPA and strong ACT/SAT scores will also make you a more attractive candidate to strong teaching degree programs, which brings me to the next step ... Start Researching Degree Programs If you've decided to pursue a degree in teaching, by the time you start submitting college applications you'll want to apply to appropriate teaching programs. First, you only want to look into accredited programs. Access this complete list of all accredited teaching programs for reference. Second, consider whether you're ready to commit to a particular specialty (e.g. elementary, middle school, or high school education). These specialties will often have different degree requirements- if you already know what you're interested in, you can focus specifically on those degree requirements when you look at schools. Submit Strong College Applications If you end up at a school with a strong teaching program, the next steps you'll have to take to become a teacher will be that much easier. Start by checking out the top-ranked elementary and secondary teaching programs in the US (make sure you're only looking at undergraduate rankings- you don't need a graduate program just yet). You won't necessarily need a degree in teaching- I'll talk more about this in the next section- but if you're sure at this point that teaching is for you, a targeted program might prepare you more effectively for your career. Early decision applications are usually due October-November of your senior year, whereas regular decision apps are due late December-early January. Learn more about how to apply for college and when to apply here. Exploring Education: 4 Steps to Take in College College is where you have to start making big decisions about your teaching career. The good news is that you'll have support along the way, especially if you've decided to attend a program that's targeted towards aspiring teachers. Here's what you should do in college to succeed as a teacher: Know Your State's Teaching Requirements Every state has different rules in place regarding exactly what qualifications you need in order to teach. If you're licensed as a teacher in one state, it's usually possible to become licensed in another, but it's not always easy. As you enter your degree program, you should figure out the licensing requirements for the state you're currently living in AND any states you anticipate moving to in the near future. This way, you'll avoid any unpleasant surprises- you'll also be able to make sure you take any and all required courses or practicums. Take advantage of your program's resources to make sure you meet all necessary requirements. First, the program itself should have requirements built in that will prepare you to meet state requirements. Second, career centers and academic advisors can put you on the right track if you're worried about being prepared for a teaching career after graduation. Knowing these teaching requirements at the beginning of your program will help you make sure you don't miss any important steps. Commit to a Specialty Once you've committed to a college, one of your next big decisions will be committing to a specialty. You'll have to fulfill different degree requirements depending on your specific educational path- the type of teaching you hope to pursue will dictate what sort of specialty you'll choose. Here are the major teaching programs types to choose from: Early Childhood Education Pre-K through 3rd grade Focus mostly on teaching techniques, curriculum, and lesson planning College major is usually in education Elementary Education Primary grades (pre-K through 6th or 8th grade) Focus mostly on teaching techniques, curriculum, and lesson planning College major is usually in education Secondary Education 6th or 8th grade through 12th grade Usually requires you to choose a more specific specialty/content area (e.g. English, Math, History) Teaching techniques, curriculum, and lesson planning are included in the course of study in addition to the chosen content area specialty Specialty Degrees Focus on one specific, specialty area (e.g. fine arts, performing arts, physical education) Other degree options that can be combined with an education degree include special ed and gifted ed Requirements will vary based on the chosen specialty You might major in the subject you hope to teach (e.g. English, Math) and supplement your curriculum with courses in education Administration Education for leadership within the education system Usually requires undergraduate (BA) AND graduate (MA, PhD) education Programs tend to focus on school structure, curriculum, organization, and leadership Gain Real-World Experience This is especially important for students who may not be in a dedicated teaching program (e.g. students who want to teach secondary education and are majoring in something other than education). Real-world teaching experience will help you get more comfortable with leading a classroom so that you can hit the ground running when you start your teaching career. Here are some ways to gain experience, whether you're in a dedicated teaching program or not: School visits- Observing how teachers work at local schools is a great way to experience a day in the life as a teacher. You may want to check out different grade levels to see if you have any preferences. Working as a teacher's assistant- There are many teachers out there who would love some extra help! This is definitely more hands-on than just observing a classroom. Tutoring- Teachers don't just lead entire classrooms- they also work one-on-one with students who want extra help. Tutoring kids of different ages (and even in different subjects) may help you figure out what you like and what you don't. Volunteer mentorship- This is pretty different from traditional teaching experiences, but volunteering to serve as a mentor for a child or teen may help you develop important leadership skills. Running an after-school program- Wrangling a group of kids to get them to participate in an organized activity? Not so different from running a classroom. Bonus: after-school activities can be pretty fun- you could help put on a play, coach intramural sports, or lead a club. Complete Your Education With Student Teaching Student teaching is where you start to implement everything you've learned thus far in a real classroom. It's an important part of any college teaching program. Student teaching will work differently based on your college, your teaching specialty, your student-teaching school, and the classroom you work in. Some student teachers may be expected to take over all classroom responsibilities at multiple grade levels fairly quickly, whereas others may only take a few core responsibilities at one grade level. If you have questions about what student teaching usually entails, you should speak with administrators at your specific program. In general, though, here's what to expect: Student teaching usually lasts for about a semester. You'll be matched with a particular classroom and teacher, usually at a school that has some sort of partnership with your bachelor's program. Most student teachers start off by observing the classroom (this lasts between a few days or a few weeks) before gradually taking over all teaching responsibilities. You should expect to be in the student-teaching classroom all day, every day. Although you may just be observing at first, you'll be learning to build and teach lessons, meet with students, and administer and grade assignments- by the end of the semester, you should ideally feel comfortable leading a classroom on your own. Requirements may be different for those pursuing early childhood, elementary, and secondary education. Each teaching program will have their own protocols- again, it's best to explore any specific questions you have about your own program (or potential programs, if you're still looking at different schools). Final Steps: Teaching Certification Getting certified in the state where you hope to teach is necessary if you want to work at a public school. If you're considering private schools, you may not have to get certified, but it's still recommended (you have a lot more flexibility when it comes to jobs that you qualify for). Here's how you get certified to teach at any school: Pick a State Each state has its own requirements for licensing and certifying teachers. If you want to teach in the same state where you went to college, you'll probably already be familiar with these reqs. If you hope to teach in a different state, you'll have more research to do (it's helpful to do this while you're still in school, like I mentioned earlier, so that you can meet all course requirements ahead of time). Just Google "[state name] teaching certification." Any link that leads to the state's Department of Education is helpful. One thing to keep in mind: some states pay teachers better than others on average. If you're not rooted to one place, and money is a concern, you may want to learn more. Register for Exams (If Necessary) Some states require educators to take licensing exams to prove that they would be competent teachers. Whether these exams are required, how often they're given, and what's actually tested will vary widely by state. It's best to give yourself plenty of time (6 months or more) to register and prepare for these tests. Your teaching program will help prepare you for any necessary certification exams. Apply for Certification Once you've met all state requirements, you can go ahead and apply for certification in the state you hope to work. You'll want to do this several months before you hope to start your job search (you don't want to be delayed in case there are any issues with your application, so starting while you're still in college is a good idea). This process might be easier if you're already certified in another state. Graduate School and Beyond Some states require teachers (at public schools, at least) to earn a Master's degree in order to qualify for certification. Other states encourage, but do not require, a graduate degree. If you're unsure about the requirements for the state you hope to work in, learn more about individual state certification requirements. Whether you end up getting a graduate degree will also depend on your chosen career path- for example, teachers who hope to work in administration will likely need a Master's or PhD. Having a graduate degree- even if it's not required- may lead to more job opportunities and a higher salary. If you're interested in graduate programs, check out the top-ranked education programs in the US. Even if you're certified in a state, you may have to keep up with certification renewals or continuing education requirements- staying on top of this stuff is important when it comes to keeping your license! How to Become a Teacher: 8-Step Summary There are quite a few steps involved in becoming a teacher, but here are the main ones you should remember: Decide if teaching is the right fit Focus on doing well in high school Research teaching degree programs Submit strong college applications Become familiar with your state's teaching requirements Choose a specialty Get real world experience Get certified, and keep your certification by staying on top of requirements What's Next? As you've read above, one of the best ways to prepare for a career in teaching is making sure you get into a great undergraduate program. To get into your top choice colleges, make sure you keep your GPA high. Focusing on extracurricular activities, especially community service work, is also important for applications to teaching programs. Finally, work on getting great SAT or ACT scores. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Stress and coping Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Stress and coping - Essay Example Again sometimes certain happy occasions are considered â€Å"stressful†. For instance the birth of a child, moving to a new house, or promotion in the workplace may prove to be stressful. This may be because one is not prepared to deal with such events. Stress is personal and there are different forms and levels of stress. How one copes with stress varies from individual to individual. Each individual looks at a situation differently and hence copes with it differently. Often people react to situations with fear and anxiety, all signs of stress, because these situations had caused stress in the past. For instance a student who has failed in an examination may feel stressful the next time he takes an examination. Every individual exhibits different coping skills. Hence two persons will not respond to a situation in exactly the same way. If a person responds to stress in a negative way it may affect health and happiness. By understanding the stress inducing situation and responding accordingly one can handle stress effectively. Today in the modern world life is full of demands, worries and frustration, all causing a certain amount of stress. Stress has almost become a way of life. Stress per se is not bad. In small amounts it may motivate you and help you to perform better. But when a person is constantly under stress it may affect his mind and body. According to Hawkins (1994), â€Å"†¦too much or too little stress can have deleterious effects on performance with resultant effects on the health of the individual and the organization.† Again, the impact of stress on health depends on our perception of the event that causes stress and how we react to the situation. Sometimes an event may motivate or even energize us. For instance events such as taking a vacation or winning a game may energize you. Sometimes we may perceive an event as stressful and react to it in a way that can have a negative effect on our mental and physical health.

D3 H1N1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

D3 H1N1 - Essay Example Isolating within the embroyonated eggs reduces the possibility of contaminating the virus strain. The now hybrid virus is tested to determine its effectiveness, safety and establish whether it stimulates appropriate antigen response in the body. The entire production process of influenza vaccine takes about six to nine weeks (Gerdil, 2003). New influenza vaccines are produced every year because the virus undergoes constant genetic mutation that changes the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase surface glycoprotein of the pathogen (Gerdil, 2003). The mutation undermines effectiveness of the influenza vaccines. When a healthy person is vaccinated with the influenza vaccine, the body immune system responds by producing relevant antigens to fight and destroy the influenza virus. Therefore, when influenza pandemic occurs, the immune system of the vaccinated persons is capable of fighting the infection easily. Though the vaccinated individuals could become infected, the symptoms and the effect s of influenza are less severe compared to individuals who are not vaccinated. This limits transmission of the highly virulent influenza virus to other persons who are exposed to the infected person. Influenza is an airborne disease that is mainly transmitted when a person inhales droplets that are released when an infected person coughs or/and sneezes (Carrat, et al, 2008). Vaccinating people helps in preventing the spread of diseases and reduces the severity of ailments in the community. Failure to vaccinate people against influenza and other diseases could cause outbreaks that affect economy, social interactions and the environment negatively. When people are infected with a particular disease, the productivity of the country is lowered because of lengthy bed rests, incapacitation and deaths, which reduce the number of people capable of working. Disease outbreaks undermine social activities such as sports, travelling